The human heart weighs on average 12 ounces (1), and pumps around 6 quarts of blood (2) through 60,000 miles of arteries, capillaries and veins in only once minute. One person’s blood vessels could wrap around the earth 2.5 times! (3)
Heart attacks are the leading cause of death in the United States. There are almost twice as many heart attack deaths in the US than minutes in a year; every 37 seconds there is a heart attack death in the US. (6) 1,600,000 heart attacks per year total. (7)
Blood clots, or thrombosis is the leading cause of death for Americans. Blood clots lead to heart attacks, strokes, deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolisms and are the cause of almost half of all deaths in the US! (24)
When a clot is pathogenic, it is called a thromboembolic disorder. This is a blood clot, or thrombus (this is the coagulation of blood where the blood becomes semi-solid) inside one of the blood vessels that is then carried from that original site and blocks another vessel. (24)
"While normal blood clots are a natural part of healing, abnormal arterial and venous blood clots are a significant cause of death and disability." (Mannucci 2011).
Collagen is one of most important factors in a blood clot. This is because collagen fibers make up the strength of the blood vessels. When the vessels are weak and are torn, blood clots form and plague develops to plug the leak in the vessels. It is this plague that can be dislodged, when pushed around by the every flowing blood being pumped by your heart, and find a new place to lodge. (24)
The most common form of heart attack occurs when a blood clot (thrombus) blocks a coronary artery that feeds your heart muscle. The leading cause of stroke occurs when a blood clot occludes, or obstructs, an artery supplying blood to your brain. Formation of vascular blood clots is also a leading cause of death in cancer patients because cancer cells create conditions that favor clotting. (24)
"All the blood clot related conditions are life-threatening, and so there is a need for safe, effective and preventive treatment. A natural substance rutin, also called rutoside, is a citrus flavonoid glycoside found in Fagopyrum esculentum (buckwheat), the leaves and petioles of Rheum species, and Asparagus. This flavonoid compound has shown effective thrombolytic activity (prevents the formation of blood clots) by blocking the enzyme protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) found in all cells involved in blood clotting. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has established that rutin is safe and, thus provides a safe and inexpensive drug that could reduce recurrent clots and help save thousands of lives."—International Current Pharmaceutical Journal (24)
“Thrombosis, or blood clot formation, and its sequelae remain a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, and recurrent thrombosis is common despite current optimal therapy. Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) is an oxidoreductase that has recently been shown to participate in thrombus formation.” (20)
Rutin promotes collagen production. The strength of our capillaries is in collagen. High pressure (HBP) can rupture weak capillaries causing hemorrhage. Weak collagen in the digestive tract causes leaky gut, colitis, IBS. Weak collagen in the vessels of the legs cause varicose veins. Radiation damages collagen of the cell walls.
“Harvard researchers have found that rutin, a substance contained in that fruit (as well as in onions, buckwheat, and tea), has potent anti clotting powers that could help prevent heart attack and stroke.
“Researchers discovered rutin’s antithrombotic property when they screened a set of 5,000 compounds for their ability to block the action of a key protein involved in the formation of vessel-clogging blood clots. When rutin rose to the top of the list, ‘It was very surprising, and we still don’t understand exactly why it is so potent,’
“Indeed, if scientists had tried to design a clot-preventing molecule, they could scarcely have created one more perfect than —Harvard Magazine (9)
“These findings... [on rutin] ...identify a novel strategy for preventing thrombosis, and help pave the way for clinical testing of this popular flavonoid as a therapy for the prevention and treatment of stroke and heart attack, as well as deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism.
“Of particular note, rutin was shown to inhibit both platelet accumulation and fibrin generation during thrombus formation. “Clots occur in both arteries and in veins,” explains Flaumenhaft. “Clots in arteries are platelet-rich, while those in veins are fibrin-rich. This discovery suggests that a single agent can treat and prevent both types of clots.
“Rutin proved to be the most potently antithrombotic compound that we ever tested.”—The Harvard Gazette: (8)
“...some flavonoids [rutin] are capable of increasing collagen and inhibiting the degradation of matrix...By inhibiting MMP, flavonoids could increase the rate and the amount of collagen synthesized by fibroblasts necessary for the formation of new wound matrix, thereby speeding up the healing process” (18)
“Collagen is the most abundant protein in the human body and the main protein that makes up the extracellular matrix in our tissues, i.e. the “bulk” of our tissues. It is a so called fibrillar protein, in that the collagen molecules self assemble into fibrils, and these fibrils are critical to both the tissue’s biological and mechanical roles. The collagen fibrils act as a scaffold, both supporting the cells in the tissue and providing tracks for them to move along when they need to move to a site of injury, for instance.” (19)
“Orally administered rutin also demonstrated antithrombotic activity…. These results indicate that PDI is the relevant antithrombotic target of rutin in vivo. Rutin is well tolerated at concentrations higher than that required to inhibit PDI activity in vivo. Thus, targeting extracellular PDI for antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy may be a viable approach to prevent thrombosis in a setting of coronary artery disease, stroke and venous thromboembolism.”—Blood (21)
Rutin doesn’t interact with warfarin because it doesn't affect prothrombin time and thrombin time: “Only an ethanolic solution of rutin at the concentration of 830 µM prolonged aPTT, while TT and PT were unaffected. —Molecules (22)
“...rutin exerted a significant protective effect against collagen and epinephrine (or thrombin) induced acute thromboembolism in mice. These results suggest that rutin has a potent to be an anti-thrombotic agent for cardiovascular diseases.”—Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering (23)
Rutin (Vitamin P) Evidence of Post-Stroke Treatment
The results suggest rutin as an efficient drug to treat brain ischemia since it was able to promote significant recovery of sensorimotor loss, which was correlated to the reduction of neurodegeneration in the periphery of cortical injury. —Brain Research (25)
Cholesterol Myths
“Cholesterol does not cause heart disease in the elderly and trying to reduce it with drugs like statins is a waste of time, an international group of experts has claimed. —University Positions (46)
Our review has shown either a lack of an association or an inverse association between LDL-C and both all-cause and CV mortality. The cholesterol hypothesis seems to be in conflict with most of Bradford Hill’s criteria for causation, because of its lack of consistency, biological gradient and coherence. Our review provides the basis for more research about the cause of atherosclerosis and CVD and also for a re-evaluation of the guidelines for cardiovascular prevention, in particular because the benefits from statin treatment have been exaggerated.” —British Journal of Medicine (47)
“Saturated fat does not clog the arteries: coronary heart disease is a chronic inflammatory condition, the risk of which can be effectively reduced from healthy lifestyle interventions” —British Journal of Medicine (48)
Cholesterol and High Blood Pressure and Rutin (found in high quantities in Buckwheat),
“A lot of research has been conducted in the functionalities and properties of buckwheat proteins, flavonoids, flavones, phytosterols, thiamin-binding proteins, and other rare compounds in buckwheat seeds. Buckwheat proteins have unique amino acid composition with special biological activities of cholesterol-lowering effects, antihypertensive effects…”—Food Science and Technology Department, Ohio State University (43)
“Buckwheat protein extracts may have strong healing effects to some chronic diseases, such as hypertension, hypercholester- olemia, and many other cardiovascular diseases” —Food Science and Technology Department, Ohio State University (43)
“Buckwheat proteins also show a strong supplemental effect with other proteins to improve the dietary amino acid balance with spe- cial biological activities of cholesterol-lowering effects, antihypertensive effects... “ —College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University (44)
Buckwheat protein is presumed to improve health in various ways, notably reducing serum cholesterol (44)
“Buckwheat (mainly the flavonoids rutin and quercetin) grain is a highly nutritional food component that has been shown to provide a wide range of beneficial effects. Health benefits attributed to BW include plasma cholesterol level reduction, neuroprotection, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic effects, and improvement of hypertension conditions.” —Division of Food Science, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences (45)
Reading Suggestions
Book: “Put Your Heart In Your Mouth,” by Natasha Campbell-McBride
Online: The Diet-Heart Myth: Cholesterol and Saturated Fat Are Not the Enemy, by Chris Kresser
Gingival Hemorrhage and Vitamin P from a Q & A with Doctors with Dr. Royal Lee
“We have a product with the Vitamin P in the way of green buckwheat juice which is very, very effective. I’ll tell you where you test the Vitamin P. People who have gingival hemorrhage who have pink toothbrush have incipient scurvy. And any active Vitamin P will be immediately effective in stopping gingival hemorrhage and so that’s what we put in ours. Ascorbic Acid has no effect at all. So there’s no Vitamin P affect whatever from the Ascorbic Acid.
“Another thing, Vitamin P; Rutin is sold as Vitamin P. I don’t think that has any effect at all if it’s pure. The reason is Rutin is made from buckwheat and carries other factors with it because it wasn’t completely purified. The more you purify Rutin the less effective it gets. But the associates of rutin in the buckwheat are tremendously effective.
“Cyruta is the [SP] tradename for the buckwheat…
“...I don’t think we’d have any... I think our capillary breakdowns and cerebral hemorrhage possibly are Vitamin P deficiency. Gingival hemorrhage shows that we are all deficient in this fraction. I think that that’s the most common of the C deficiency; is the lack of this P.”—Excerpt from Lectures of Dr. Royal Lee, Vol. II., Selene River Press, Inc.
Leaky Gut, Food Allergies & Colitis & Vitamin P [Rutin]
“Allergies are due to undigested protein being absorbed in the bowel. And the lack of digestion is due to pancreas weakness number one, and due to possibly ulcers and inflammation in the bowel. A combination of poor pancreas and a little colitis and you’ve got allergies.
“There again colitis is nothing but vitamin P [rutin] deficiency. It’s the same lesion that you find in the gingiva only down further in the mucosa. It’s the same remedy. You can stop that ulcerated and hemorrhagic colitis just as easily as you can the gingiva.” —Excerpt from Lectures of Dr. Royal Lee, Vol. II., Selene River Press, Inc.
Not only oral administration of rutin but also rectal administration of quercetin remarkably ameliorated TNBS-induced colitis rats, indicating that quercetin liberated from rutin is therapeutically active. —Pharmaceutical Research (26)
Our results suggest that rutin may be useful for the prevention and treatment of IBD [Inflammatory Bowel Disease] and colorectal carcinogenesis via attenuation of pro-inflammatory cytokine production.—Biochemical Pharmacology (27)
We conclude that rutin exerts intestinal antiinflammatory activity in chronic…colitis. Our results suggest that rutin may be useful in the management of inflammatory bowel disease in appropriate dosage conditions. —Pharmacology Research (28)
Rutin Protects Against Harmful Radiation
Rutin protects against radiations/X-ray burns by protecting capillaries.—Plant Foods For Human Nutrition, 2006 (18)
VITAMIN C, Buckwheat and Radiation with Dr. Royal Lee: “What is vitamin C? Vitamin C is a complex. Every vitamin is a complex. There are no simple, single vitamins to my knowledge. That’s been a misapprehension created by the chemist in his ignorance. Any more than a hunk of brass is a watch. A watch is a complex structure. It’s a unit as a watch but it’s not a unit as a chemical. So that our vitamin C complex, today we know, comprises number one, Ascorbic Acid which is an antioxidant; the most bulky part of the complex but not the most important. It contains the anti-hemorrhagic factor also known as vitamin P [Rutin], which is also found in lemon and orange peel but in far more potent quantities and type in buckwheat, in the green buckwheat juice. That prevents capillary damage, prevents protein degeneration, it prevents harm from x-rays. If you wanted to treat a patient with x-ray for cancer, it would be a very good idea to load that patient up very liberally with vitamin P or natural C Complex first. The normal tissues of the patient will be fortified possibly as much as ten to one against excess doses of x-ray.”—Excerpt from Lectures of Dr. Royal Lee, Vol. II., Selene River Press, Inc.
Atom Bomb Defense: Rutin may save future radiation victims by strengthening the walls of their blood vessels to prevent hemorrhage. —SCIENCE NEWSLETTER for January17, 1948
Thus, it has been proposed that rutin either decreases the rate of vascular disintegration, or increases its repair…When...rutin was given to 350… irradiated dogs, not only was the hemorrhagic diathesis significantly reduced, but mortality fell from 60 percent to 11 percent. The control of purpura was achieved in the presence of marked thrombocytopenia and other typical manifestations of irradiation disease. —From the Department of Radiation Biology, University of Rochester, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, 1949 (29)
From these observations it appears that the vitamin P compound [Rutin], which contains four flavonoids naturally present in citrus fruit, gives considerable protection to rats against a total-body, near-lethal dose of radiation.— Source: Science, New Series, Vol. 112, No. 2900 (Jul. 28, 1950), pp. 112-113
Varicose veins: Rutin and Collinsonia Root, Horse Chestnut.
Varicose veins occur when the veins around the thighs or calf muscles get inflamed. This weakens the valves around the leg region and, as a result, they no longer close properly. This condition leads to poor blood flow back to the heart causing the impure blood to pool in the veins as ugly lumps… Fortunately, there are natural ways to minimize and prevent varicose veins via nutrition. Buckwheat is shown to be one of the best natural remedies to treat this condition.—Natural Health 365 (31)
Sources
***A special thanks to Dr Mark Anderson, and his Back to School for Doctors Seminars 2015 and 2016. Without him and his vast capacity to scour research, this article would not exist.
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